Who invented (not patented) the internal combustion engine - exclude Benz?

my searching leads me to believe it was an Englishman in the 1870's - James Brown. Can anyone out there settle this for us?

Answers:
1823: Samuel Brown patented the first internal combustion engine to be applied industrially. It was compression-less and based on what Hardenberg calls the "Leonardo cycle," which, as this name implies, was already out of date at that time. Just as today, early major funding, in an area where standards had not yet been established, went to the best showmen sooner than to the best workers.
There was a lot of invention going on in the late 1800s, but the man who invented and built the four-stroke gasoline engine was Nicolaus Otto in 1876. This engine is more complex than the two-stroke, but also more efficient as well as easier to make into a high-power multi-cylinder version, which is why it bacame popular for motorcars.
Nikolaus August Otto
The diesel engine was invented by Rudolf Diesel .I think that the Artist Leonardo DiVinchi first invented A internal combustion motor or had the idea I think Brown put it into practise
I had to go and pull out my old school books for this.It was a Frenchman(pfft).I wish it was James lol.His name was Eitenne Lenoir, in 1860.It ran on coal gas. The book said that it was very commercially successful and was used for driving machinery in factories.In 1862 he made a horseless carriage for the engine.He did not patient the idea.M.beau de rochas asked him to patent the idea,but he didnt see the importance.
1807 - Francois Isaac de Rivaz of Switzerland

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