What is the fourth type of magnetism?
I already know about ferromagnetism, diamagnetism, and parramagnetism. I read there is a fouth type. Can you twll me what it is called and a little about its properties, (always atractive, always repulsive, can be both), where it is encountered? Relative strength? It is not electromagetism.
Answers:
Ferromagnetic Materials
These are the metals that are strongly attracted to magnets. They include iron, nickel, cobalt, and steel. The atoms of these substances contain electrons which are all spinning in the same direction. This gives the atoms strong polarity, as if they were little magnets themselves. They are strongly influenced by a magnetic field, and the atoms can be turned to point their poles in the same direction. These metals can become strong magnets themselves.
Paramagnetic
These are metals that are weakly attracted to magnets. They include aluminum, gold, and copper. The atoms of these substances contain electrons most of which spin in the same direction . but not all . This gives the atoms some polarity. They are only weakly influenced by a magnetic field, (you couldn't pick up even a tiny piece of gold with a magnet) and since some of the atoms can be turned to point their poles in the same direction, these metals can become very weak magnets. Their attractive force can only be measured with sensitive instruments.
Ferrimagnetic
The main ferrimagnetic material is magnetite, a crystal which occurs naturally in rocks called lodestones, which were the first magnetic materials discovered by man. The crystal structure of the mineral allows only some of the atoms to line up when a magnetic field is present, so it is only weakly attracted to a magnet. The crystal itself is only a weak magnet.
However, if magnetite is ground up into a powder, its magnetic properties, although weak, are very useful. Magnetite powder is what coats the tape in a cassette, allowing you to record sounds and music. Magnetite powder mixed with plastic and pressed into rectangles makes the stick-on magnets used for fridge magnets.
Diamagnetic
These materials are everything else . plants, water, soil, wood, your skin . all other substances. Diamagnetic substances show no visible reaction to the presence of a magnetic field, because the electrons in their atoms are spinning in equal numbers in opposite directions. These materials are magnetically neutral.
However, the molecules of these substances do have a very small polarity, because they are usually not symmetric; one end may have more electrons moving around it than another. When they are exposed to a strong magnetic field, they are repelled a tiny amount (rather than attracted). This has useful consequences. When human tissue, for example, is exposed to a strong magnetic field, some of the atoms move away; analysis of the movement is called magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, and is a useful diagnostic tool in medicine.
Animal Magnetism. It is always attractive, but doesn't usually last very long.
Prakash s - very good. However, the question is misleading as there is actually a fifth type that you missed - antiferromagnetism, where neighbouring spins align in opposite directions. Typically this occurs in paramagnetic materials at very low temperatures.
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Answers:
Ferromagnetic Materials
These are the metals that are strongly attracted to magnets. They include iron, nickel, cobalt, and steel. The atoms of these substances contain electrons which are all spinning in the same direction. This gives the atoms strong polarity, as if they were little magnets themselves. They are strongly influenced by a magnetic field, and the atoms can be turned to point their poles in the same direction. These metals can become strong magnets themselves.
Paramagnetic
These are metals that are weakly attracted to magnets. They include aluminum, gold, and copper. The atoms of these substances contain electrons most of which spin in the same direction . but not all . This gives the atoms some polarity. They are only weakly influenced by a magnetic field, (you couldn't pick up even a tiny piece of gold with a magnet) and since some of the atoms can be turned to point their poles in the same direction, these metals can become very weak magnets. Their attractive force can only be measured with sensitive instruments.
Ferrimagnetic
The main ferrimagnetic material is magnetite, a crystal which occurs naturally in rocks called lodestones, which were the first magnetic materials discovered by man. The crystal structure of the mineral allows only some of the atoms to line up when a magnetic field is present, so it is only weakly attracted to a magnet. The crystal itself is only a weak magnet.
However, if magnetite is ground up into a powder, its magnetic properties, although weak, are very useful. Magnetite powder is what coats the tape in a cassette, allowing you to record sounds and music. Magnetite powder mixed with plastic and pressed into rectangles makes the stick-on magnets used for fridge magnets.
Diamagnetic
These materials are everything else . plants, water, soil, wood, your skin . all other substances. Diamagnetic substances show no visible reaction to the presence of a magnetic field, because the electrons in their atoms are spinning in equal numbers in opposite directions. These materials are magnetically neutral.
However, the molecules of these substances do have a very small polarity, because they are usually not symmetric; one end may have more electrons moving around it than another. When they are exposed to a strong magnetic field, they are repelled a tiny amount (rather than attracted). This has useful consequences. When human tissue, for example, is exposed to a strong magnetic field, some of the atoms move away; analysis of the movement is called magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, and is a useful diagnostic tool in medicine.
Animal Magnetism. It is always attractive, but doesn't usually last very long.
Prakash s - very good. However, the question is misleading as there is actually a fifth type that you missed - antiferromagnetism, where neighbouring spins align in opposite directions. Typically this occurs in paramagnetic materials at very low temperatures.
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