In indoor type transformer what type of oil is used?
why there is no conservator tank? particularly in gulf countries.
Answers:
Large transformers to be used indoors must use a nonflammable liquid or be Dry Type, i.e., having no fluid. Prior to about 1970, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) was often used as a dielectric fluid since it was not flammable. However, under incomplete combustion, PCBs can form highly toxic products, furans, etc. Due to the stability of PCB and its environmental accumulation, it has not been permitted in new equipment since late 1960's in the United States. Today, nontoxic, stable silicone-based or fluorinated hydrocarbons may be used, where the added expense of a fire-resistant liquid offsets additional building cost for a transformer vault. Other less-flammable fluids such as canola oil may be used, but all fire-resistant fluids have various drawbacks in performance, cost, or toxicity compared with mineral oil.
Oil filled transformers with conservators (an oil tank above the transformer) tend to be equipped with Buchholz relays - safety devices that sense gas buildup inside the transformer (a side effect of corona or an electric arc inside the windings) and switching off the transformer. Transformers without conservators are usually equipped with sudden pressure relays, which perform a similar function as the Buchholz relay.
NONE.
Generally there is no oil in a small transformer as the power consumption is low and cooling is not needed. in large distribution systems the power throughput is large and this results in I^2R losses and the oil is used to dissipate this heat.
Yeah i like jdstehs answer it gives the missing details that i could never remember!
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Answers:
Large transformers to be used indoors must use a nonflammable liquid or be Dry Type, i.e., having no fluid. Prior to about 1970, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) was often used as a dielectric fluid since it was not flammable. However, under incomplete combustion, PCBs can form highly toxic products, furans, etc. Due to the stability of PCB and its environmental accumulation, it has not been permitted in new equipment since late 1960's in the United States. Today, nontoxic, stable silicone-based or fluorinated hydrocarbons may be used, where the added expense of a fire-resistant liquid offsets additional building cost for a transformer vault. Other less-flammable fluids such as canola oil may be used, but all fire-resistant fluids have various drawbacks in performance, cost, or toxicity compared with mineral oil.
Oil filled transformers with conservators (an oil tank above the transformer) tend to be equipped with Buchholz relays - safety devices that sense gas buildup inside the transformer (a side effect of corona or an electric arc inside the windings) and switching off the transformer. Transformers without conservators are usually equipped with sudden pressure relays, which perform a similar function as the Buchholz relay.
NONE.
Generally there is no oil in a small transformer as the power consumption is low and cooling is not needed. in large distribution systems the power throughput is large and this results in I^2R losses and the oil is used to dissipate this heat.
Yeah i like jdstehs answer it gives the missing details that i could never remember!
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